Reading device for surveying or other instruments.



10.569,705. Pafemamar.' |2`, |901.

- n. REEH.

READING DEVICE FDR SURVEYING 0R OTHER INSTRUMENTS.

(Application led Nov, 1, 1899.)

(No Model.)

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REINHARD REEH, OF WETZLAR, GERMANY.

READING DEVICE FOR SURVEYING OR OTHER INSTRUMENTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 669,705, dated March 12, 1901.

Application led November l, 1399. Serial No. 735,500. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Beit known that I, REINHARD REEH, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing in the city of Wetzlar, Germany, have invented new and useful Improvements in Reading Devices for Surveying or other Instruments, of which the'following is a specification.

My invention relates to surveying instruments, as theodolites, tachymeters, dac., and more particularly to the telescope, circles, and devices connected therewith for easy reading. It is very objectionable that after the instrument has been set the operator is obliged to either leave his position in order to read the instrument or to rotate the same until it is in position for the operator to read the indicated inclination to the horizontal. With my improved instrument the operator can set and read both circles of the instrument to ascertain the angles in the horizontal and vertical planes without leaving his position when focusing. With this end-in View the instrument is provided with tubes and mirrors or glass prisms adapted to transmit the picture at the places of readings to the observers or operators eye in front of the telescope.

My invention will be more fully understood taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, and in Which- Figure l is a perspective view of a surveying instrument, showing the telescope on trunnions, an auxiliary tube attached to each end of the hollow trunnions and extending toward the horizontal and vertical circles. Fig. 2 is a section through the telescope, showing the hollow trunnions, the Vertical and horizontal reading circles, and the prisms for transmitting the picture of the circles to the operators eye. Fig. 3 shows pictures ofthe reiiected portions of the horizontal and Vertical circles and the object focused as presented to the eye of the operator, who can read both inclinations without giving up his position at the telescope. Fig. 4 shows a similar view; and Fig. 5 is a cross-section through the telescope on the line 5 5 of Fig. 2, showing the arrangement of two halflenses for concentrating the light-rays transmitted by the prisms in the hollow trunnions.

Referring now to the drawings for a further description of my invention, A is the telescope, provided with trunnions B and B mounted on standards b of a circular plate b', which serves as the alidade of the horizontal circle b2, supported, as usual, bya tripod. The vertical circle c is ad justably secured to one of the standards b and graduated, preferably on the inner edge, as shown in Figs. l and 2, for a purpose to be presently described. The trunnion B is hollow and provided With a tube n, having located therein at each end a glass prism 'n'. A tube n2, communicating with the tube n, is secured to the trunnion B and extends radially outward therefrom, pref erably in line with the axis of the telescope, so that the free extremity is in proximity to the graduated edge of the Vertical circle c, which is adj ustably secured to the standard b. At the free end of the tube n2 is provided a collecting-lens n3, and at a suitable distance therefrom a glass plate n4, having engraved therein a scale. This scale is divided into units corresponding to the divisions of the circle c, and each unit is subdivided to serve as a vernier. The collecting-lens n3 and scale n4 constitute the objective of a microscope, which produces the real picture of the graduation of the circle c, but shows the division-numbers, rbc., inverted. In order to transmit the picture so obtained to and through the telescope to the observersI eye, the prisms n', as before mentioned, and the lens 'a5 are provided in the tubes n and n2. In the telescope, at the inner end of the sliding tube a', is secured a lens made in two sections a2 and a3 to concentrate and project the rays in the tubes n and 'n2 and their prisms, 85o., to the objective of the telescope A. The sections az and as of the lens are mounted far enough apart-z'. c., from the center of the telescope-tube to each side, Fig. 5-to obtain a clear picture of the object to be observed through the telescope, While the lens-section a2 reflects the rays from the prism fn of the picture of the vertical circles through the cross-wire a6 and the lenses of the telescope at its objective end A. To observe or read the horizontal circles at the same time the vertical circles and the object are in view, similar tubes, prisms, and lenses are mounted on the fulcrum B of the telescope. In other words, the picture of the horizontal circle b2 is produced by the collecting-lens m3 IOO flects the same through the cross-wire 0,6 and thelenses of the telescope at its objective end A. The distanceof the scales m4 and n4 from the respective lenses m3 and n3 and the distance between the lenses m5 nf and the prisms n' m must be suited to the condition or kind l of lenses to be employed. The lens-,sections c2 as are each to be exactly a one-half disk and of such conformity as to convey the rays reflecting from the prisms 'n' and m' to the' cross-wire a6 and yet leave sufficient room to not interfere with the workings of the telescope to focus at the object.

It will be apparent to any one skilled in the art that modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For instance, a tube on each of the trunnions B and B may be provided to extend onto the horizontal circle, in which case, however, the tubes fm2, leading to the vertical circles, is to be abandoned and the two tubes m2 reach onto the horizontal circles b2. In such case the telescope will show a picture, as shown in Fig. 4, the graduations shown on the righthand side being the picture of that part of the horizontal circle which is at the right-handy side of the telescope and showing the figures, dac., in their natural position, while the lefthand side of the telescope shows the figures inverted, the position of the cross-wire indieating the number of degrees, dre. Moreover, the 4r-nofunting and framing of the `circles and lenses may be varied to suit various requirements; but,

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by 'Letters Patent, is-

I. In a surveying instrument comprising a telescope mounted in trunnions a bore in each trunnion, a vertical and a horizontal circle in combination with tubes extending from the bore of the trunn-ion intoclose proximity with the said circles, lenses, prisms and scales in said tubes, a lens made in two sections and mounted in the telescope to contract and convey the rays from the said prisms to the lenses of the telescope, substantially as and for `the purpose set forth.

2. In a surveying instrument comprisinga telescope mounted in tru unions, abore in each trunnion a vertical circle secured to a standard of the telescope a horizontal circle supporting the said telescope, tubes extending fro-1n the bores of the trunnions into close proximity of the said circles, lenses, prisms and scales in said tubes, a lens made in two sections and mounted in the telescope to contract and convey the rays from the said prisms to the lenses of the telescope, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two witnesses.

REINHARD REEH.

Witnesses:

ERNST FRANKs, ADoLF REEH. 

